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فارسیThe domestic sewage treatment package is one of the effective ways to treat domestic sewage. These packages are produced in different types and can treat domestic sewage in several stages.
Domestic sewage is one of the most important sources of environmental pollution. This wastewater contains organic substances, minerals, chemicals and pathogenic microorganisms that can be harmful to the environment and human health.
Domestic wastewater treatment is done in order to reduce environmental pollution and protect human health. Wastewater treatment removes these substances and makes the outgoing wastewater safe for the environment.
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What is the domestic sewage treatment package?
The domestic sewage treatment package is a device used to treat domestic sewage. Domestic sewage refers to sewage that is produced from houses, apartments, hotels, schools and other residential places. This wastewater contains solid, liquid and gas materials that can be harmful to the environment and human health.
Domestic sewage treatment packages are produced in different types, among which the following can be mentioned:
One-step domestic sewage treatment package: One-step domestic sewage treatment package is the simplest type of domestic sewage treatment package. In this type of package, wastewater treatment is done in one step.
Two-stage domestic wastewater treatment package: The two-stage domestic wastewater treatment package consists of two treatment stages. In this type of package, wastewater treatment is done in two separate stages.
Three-stage domestic wastewater treatment package: The three-stage domestic wastewater treatment package consists of three treatment stages. In this type of package, wastewater treatment is done in three separate stages.
Application and purpose of wastewater treatment in residential complexes
Wastewater treatment of residential complexes is a necessary thing that can help reduce environmental pollution and maintain human health.
Wastewater treatment of residential complexes is done in order to reduce environmental pollution and preserve human health, and by purifying and eliminating pollutants in the wastewater, it makes the wastewater safe for the environment.
The purpose of wastewater treatment in residential complexes is to achieve the following goals:
Reduction of surface and underground water pollution: Untreated wastewater can cause surface and underground water pollution. Wastewater treatment reduces these pollutions and protects surface water from the risk of contamination with domestic sewage.
Reducing greenhouse gas emissions: Wastewater contains organic substances that produce greenhouse gases in the process of biological decomposition. Wastewater treatment reduces the emission of these gases. In the last few decades, the emission of greenhouse gases has become one of the main environmental problems and has caused many destructive effects.
Preventing the transmission of infectious diseases: Wastewater contains pathogenic microorganisms that can cause the transmission of various diseases. Wastewater treatment destroys these microorganisms.
Conservation of water resources: wastewater treatment can reduce water consumption. Purified water from wastewater can be used for non-drinking purposes such as watering green spaces, washing cars, etc. Due to the significant reduction of safe and drinking water resources and facing the water crisis in recent years, the use of household sewage treatment package for maximum recovery of these resources can be very useful and efficient.
Advantages and features of the domestic sewage treatment package (residential houses)
Home sewage treatment packages have many advantages, including the following:
Reducing environmental pollution: domestic wastewater treatment reduces environmental pollution. Untreated wastewater can cause surface and underground water pollution, soil and air pollution.
Preservation of human health: domestic wastewater treatment preserves human health. Untreated sewage can cause the transmission of various diseases.
Saving water consumption: The home sewage treatment package can save water consumption. Purified water from the domestic sewage treatment package can be used for non-drinking purposes such as watering green spaces, washing cars, etc.
Components of the residential complex wastewater treatment package
The wastewater treatment package of the residential complex consists of various components, each of which plays an important role in the wastewater treatment process. These components are:
Septic tank: The first stage of wastewater treatment is done in the septic tank. In this step, the solid waste material is separated from its liquid. The septic tank itself consists of two parts:
The first section: In this section, the heavy solids of the sewage settle.
The second section: In this section, the light solids of the wastewater are separated by the water flow.
Aeration pond: The second stage of wastewater treatment is done in the aeration pond. At this stage, the organic matter of the wastewater is decomposed by microorganisms. The aeration tank also consists of two parts:
First section: In this section, the wastewater enters the aeration pond.
Second section: In this section, air is injected into the wastewater through aeration plates.
Secondary settling pond: The third stage of wastewater treatment is done in the secondary settling pond. In this step, the solid material remaining from the wastewater is separated from its liquid. The secondary sedimentation basin consists of two parts:
First section: In this section, wastewater enters the secondary sedimentation pond.
The second section: In this section, the remaining solid materials from the wastewater are settled.
Sand filter: The fourth stage of wastewater treatment is done in a sand filter. In this step, the suspended material and the color of the wastewater are removed from it. The sand filter consists of a tank containing sand. Sewage enters from the top of the tank and exits from the bottom. In this way, suspended matter and wastewater color are absorbed by the sands.
In addition to these components, residential complex wastewater treatment packages in some projects may also include the following components:
Pump: which is used to transfer wastewater between different components of the package.
Control equipment: which is used to control the performance of the wastewater treatment package.
What factors does the selection of residential complex wastewater treatment package components depend on?
This choice depends on many factors, some of the most important of which are:
Volume of produced wastewater: The volume of produced wastewater is determined by the number of residents of the residential complex.
Type of produced wastewater: The type of produced wastewater is determined by the activities performed in the residential complex.
Environmental conditions: Environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity are also effective in choosing the components of the wastewater treatment package for the residential complex.
Types of domestic sewage treatment package devices
Household sewage treatment packages are classified based on various factors such as the type of treatment process, capacity, body material, installation method, etc.
Types of domestic sewage treatment packages based on the type of treatment process
Domestic mechanical wastewater treatment package: These types of packages use mechanical methods such as sedimentation, filtration, and coagulation for wastewater treatment. Mechanical domestic sewage treatment packages have lower initial cost and less maintenance than biological types. But their treatment efficiency is also lower and in many cases they are not suitable for high volume and high concentration wastewater treatment.
Biological domestic wastewater treatment package: These types of packages use biological methods such as aerobic and anaerobic for wastewater treatment.
In the method of aerobic treatment of wastewater organic materials by aerobic microorganisms and in the method of anaerobic treatment, these materials are decomposed by anaerobic microorganisms.
Biological domestic wastewater treatment packages with a higher price have higher treatment efficiency than mechanical domestic wastewater treatment packages and are suitable for treating high volume and high concentration wastewaters.
Effective factors in choosing the type of domestic sewage treatment package
Choosing the type of domestic wastewater treatment package depends on various factors such as volume of produced wastewater, type of produced wastewater, environmental conditions and budget.
Volume of produced wastewater: If the volume of produced wastewater is small, you can use low-capacity domestic wastewater treatment packages, and if this amount is high, high-capacity domestic wastewater treatment packages should be used.
Type of produced wastewater: If the produced wastewater contains a lot of solids, it is necessary to use high-capacity domestic wastewater treatment packages that have a sedimentation stage.
Environmental conditions: If the environmental conditions are unsuitable, you should use high-capacity domestic sewage treatment packages that have a secondary treatment system. In areas with polluted and heavy sewage, samples with higher capacity are often used.
Budget: The cost of household wastewater treatment packages varies according to the type of treatment process, capacity and body material. In home use, by estimating people’s purchasing power, it is possible to prepare any of these samples.
The price of the domestic sewage treatment package
In general, the price of the domestic sewage treatment package varies according to various factors such as the type of treatment process, capacity, body material and other things.
The factors affecting the price of the domestic sewage treatment package are briefly:
Type of treatment process: Mechanical domestic sewage treatment packages are often cheaper than biological domestic sewage treatment packages.
Capacity: Domestic sewage treatment packages with higher capacity are more expensive than domestic sewage treatment packages with lower capacity.
Body material: Household sewage treatment packages with a plastic body are often cheaper than household models with a metal body.
Other factors such as the manufacturer’s brand, features and additional features can also affect the price of a home sewage treatment package.
Treatment methods in the domestic sewage treatment device
Using different methods, the domestic sewage treatment package treats domestic sewage and prepares it for disposal or reuse. These methods include:
• Separation of solid materials: In this step, the solid materials of sewage are separated from its liquid.
• Biological treatment: In this step, the organic matter of wastewater is decomposed by microorganisms.
• Physical treatment: In this step, suspended materials and wastewater color are removed from it.
The type of domestic sewage treatment package
Household sewage treatment packages are made of different materials. The most common types of materials used in the construction of household sewage treatment packages are:
Plastic: Household sewage treatment packages with a plastic body are usually cheaper and lighter than samples of household sewage treatment with a metal body, and they are easier to transport. But these sewage treatment packages are less durable than metal ones.
Metal: Domestic sewage treatment packages with a metal body are heavier and more difficult to transport. But due to the possibility of repair and higher durability, they are often well received by users.
Choosing the type of home sewage treatment package depends on various factors such as budget, environmental conditions and user needs.
Design and installation of residential sewage treatment package
The stages of designing a residential wastewater treatment package are:
Checking the user’s needs: including the volume and type of wastewater produced, environmental conditions and the user’s budget
Designing the purification process according to the user’s needs
The design of the installation site of the sewage treatment package: The installation site of the sewage treatment package should be in such a way that it is easy to access and does not cause any problems in terms of safety.
The installation steps of the residential sewage treatment package are:
Carrying out excavation operations if needed
Installing the sewage treatment package based on the designed plans
Implementation of piping operations to transfer sewage to the sewage treatment package and remove the purified water from the package
Implementation of electrical wiring for lighting and control of sewage treatment package
Testing the performance of the wastewater treatment package after installation
Domestic sewage treatment system
The domestic sewage treatment system includes the operating mechanism and equipment used to treat domestic sewage. These devices use different mechanical and biological methods for wastewater treatment.
Domestic wastewater treatment systems are divided into two main categories: mechanical and biological wastewater treatment systems. Mechanical examples use methods such as sedimentation, filtration, and coagulation, and biological types use activated sludge, biological filter, and septic tank methods for wastewater treatment.
Household wastewater treatment systems are necessary to protect the environment and human health, and by removing the pollutants in the wastewater, they prevent them from entering the environment.
The advantages of using home sewage treatment systems are:
Reducing environmental pollution
Prevention of diseases caused by sewage
Save water resources
Reducing waste disposal costs
conclusion
Household sewage treatment packages are an efficient and cost-effective solution for household sewage treatment. By removing the pollutants in the sewage, these packages prevent them from entering the environment and human health.
Considering the ever-increasing domestic pollutants and the water shortage crisis, suggesting a smart choice and using these packages can be very useful and efficient.